Any student caught cheating on an examination should be automatically Essay

Any student caught cheating on an examination should be automatically dismissed from college - Essay Example College life is an unforgettable experience because it requires hard work and determination in studies and builds on a person’s future career. However, the promise students normally make to study hard normally changes because of the social life that carries them away from the significance of their future making them to lose concentration. Unfortunately, they only get serious when the examinations begin, which greatly affect their performance. Some students will always settle for average after realizing that a sociable individual cannot compete for every field (Berschback, 2011). On the other hand, there are students who are self-motivated who usually drive themselves in work hard. The last group of students would always want to sail with little or no effort perhaps because the social life and the stressful nature of either college life or lack of self-esteem have overwhelmed them. This group of students strives to find various ways of passing exams and achieving better grades through cheating especially during their final examinations. Cheating simply implies that a student is more concerned with personal gain. However, every student, given an opportunity, would want to cheat in order to gain high grade. If any case of cheating goes unpunished then it would imply that a student is being encouraged to cheat (Gardner et al., 2008). Students may be encouraged to cheat even more because of either less severe or no punishment. However, the form of punishment differs depending on the impact of cheating. Responsible authority should weigh on the best option or remedy that can be instilled on the cheating students. Automatic dismissal may not be the best punishment to be given to the cheating students. There are other options that are more effective and efficient than automatic dismissal (Lau et al., 2012). There are several things that encourage students to

CIVIL ENGINEERING Design option Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

CIVIL ENGINEERING Design option Report - Essay Example Also, the trams wouldn't be able to travel at significant speeds and its overhead wires could also cause obstructions along its path. Thus the policy of using of tram as the potential transport choice could be effectively implemented by providing underground tramway and hence would eliminate all the above mentioned disadvantages. Further, a new station at Ratho would also be very helpful as it would be capable to support wider choice of tram services and also helps the occupants in the neighbourhood residential area (Edinburgh, n.d.). The structure of the landscape shall be strictly confirming to the future aspiration by enhancing and upholding the rich heritage and natural assets in the region (Edinburgh, n.d). Further, appropriate precautions on safety norms conforming to the airport suburbs as per the airport safety guidelines would also be enforced. The eastern side of A8 is expected to turn into urban and hence, the short-term efforts would be to evolve appropriate landscape that would help to consolidate this. Provisions for quality open spaces are the other important aspects that need to be given prominence in the master plan. Protection of ancient monuments, historical buildings and heritage locations, like standing stone at Ratho stations, along this region shall be given due attention in the landscape development. All the new buildings designed shall confirm to the guidelines proposed for sustainable design of building units, which includes BREEAM standards. Considering these principles the major aspect s to be considered for Ratho station are retaining the football ground as the focal point for the extended village, promotion of housing units that are mostly of affordable types and creation of special ways for cycling and walking routes. BREEAM based station development. The sustainable development approaches could be adopted in the design of infrastructure components by following the BREEAM guidelines. The major factors to be considered are to have design plans that would result in special emphasis on cycle ways and pedestrian tracks. Another major features that could be incorporated are strengthening public transport systems with less dependence on private transport and also to have effective implementation of the proposed the travel plans. The important design considerations that need to be incorporated in the design of station facilities are as follows Incorporation of overall policy of energy efficiency by using energy efficient lighting or using low energy demanding lighting systems could be used to bring down the energy costs at the station significantly. Converting the railway station at Ratho as an energy self-reliant station capable of generating its own power is one of the design objectives. This could be attained by using the mechanical energy obtained from the turning of ticket gates as the passengers passes through it. The implementation of these systems is carried out using appropriate piezoelectric materials which is capable of creating voltages when mechanical stress is applied on it. The successful installation by East Japan railway Company has proven the concept of pooling energy in such ways. With the expected passenger volume at the station it is estimated that atleast 1000kW per second could be generated

Development of Cryptography Studies

Development of Cryptography Studies 0.1 Abstract This report is an overview of some structures that have heavily influence the course and study of Cryptography the last decades. Initially, we will analyse the structure of some important ciphers such as DES, 3DES and AES by underlying some dark and complicated points and emphasizing the critical  functions called S-boxes. We will then expand of some basic attributes of these block ciphers, for example the running time of them and their hardware and software performance. Finally, we will focus on a highly important aspect of these cryptosystems, security by exploring some of the most significant attacks that have been discovered against them. The paper is concluded with a presentation of the most important results of our investigation. 1 Introduction Cryptography has a very rich history, rooted back in the ancient years. Even Greeks of classical times have demonstrated understanding of ciphers, with the example of Herodotus to be the most well known, who tattooed a message to his slave head on a slaves shaved head and hide it under his regrown hair. Before the modern era, cryptography had an absolute target the achievement of confidentiality of a message. The most crucial years for cryptography were undoubtedly the last century. The decisive step was an investigation of Claude Shannon, the father of information security. In his seminar at 1949, Shannon analysed and illustrated block ciphers and suggest that, if they are combined with some operations that can provide the whole cipher with permutation and substitution, they should be a reasonable option. A block cipher, is an encryption scheme that belongs in the branch of Cryptography that is called symmetric-key Cryptography. This name is justified by the fact that the parties th at are involved in the communication through the cipher use the same secret key. Later designed as iterated product ciphers, block ciphers are deterministic algorithms that operate on fixed length groups of bits, called blocks. The major attribute for a block cipher is that the length of the input, called plaintext, and the length of the output, called ciphertext, is always the same. They take as an input a key of k-bits length and the this key is expanded to many different keys following a sequence of operations, the so called round keys. Typically, a block cipher is built by iteration, using a function called round function. In every round, the round function takes as an input the corresponding message and the round key and produces a new outcome which is oriented to be used in the next round. The final round will produce the ciphertext. Block ciphers have been widely used and dramatically influence the new era of humanity, and more importantly for commercial reasons in industry a nd banking. There is a remarkable variety of examples from block ciphers, although for the rest of this paper we will focus on the most famous examples that dominated the whole area of symmetric-key Cryptography in the new era. These are called DES, 3DES, AES. Blowfish has also attracted the attention since there isnt still any known vulnerability but it will remain outside of the scope of this report. 2 Analysis and Description 2.1 Data Encryption Standard (DES) Nowadays, DES is considered to be insecure, but it had a huge impact in the development of the symmetric-key cryptography for many decades after its invention. It has been designed back in 1976, when the government of the United States realized the overwhelming necessity of an algorithm that could effectively protect government data and safely used for buying products from the international markets. The most interesting difference of DES with its predecessor, Lucifer, which has been designed by Horst Fiestel, is that the key length and the block length has been reduced significantly. Nevertheless, the key length, especially, was from the time that DES was published, under heavy criticism and was actually badly broken in 1997 with the so-called exhaustive search attack. That means that a machine was able to search all the possible keys and find the correct one. DES has a very rich history of attacks and we will examine some of these attacks in more detail later in this paper. The core idea behind DES is the so-called Feistel Network, where a block cipher can built up with the use of some arbitrary functions f0,f1,fd : {0,1}n → {0,1}n. There is a wide variety of block ciphers that have a similar construction, although AES has a completely different construction. The critical point in these kinds of constructions is the structure of these functions, which can vary significantly. Abstractly speaking, the main target is to construct an invertible function F : {0,1}2n → {0,1}2n in order to able to decrypt the ciphertext. DES is basically a 16-round Fiestel network. More specifically, the input is exactly 64 bits, so R0 and L0 are 32 bits each. Obviously, from the diagram above, in every the half of the bits remains unchanged. The other half comes with a sequence of operations. Initially, as specified by the protocol, a permutation of the whole input takes place, followed by a 16-round Fiestel Network. Each function f0,f1,f16 : {0,1}16 → {0 ,1}16 that is used at each round is computed by using the corresponding subkey, fi(x) = F(ki,x) ,in order to make the decryption circuit feasible and manageable from a hardware perspective of view. This subkey is produced by the main key, in the following way: 56 bits are selected from the 64 bits that contains the key, the 56 bits are divided into two 28 bit halves and each half is treated afterwards separately. In every round, both halves are rotated form the left to the right by one or two bits and then 48 bits are selected, 24 from the left and 24 from the right to build the corresponding subkey. After these 16 rounds of the Fiestel network, there is one more permutation before the final output is computed. The following image describes the construction of the fi function. Initially, the input of 32-bits replicates 48-bits with some simple calculations and then the result is XOR with the 48-bits subkey. The 48-bits are splitted to 8 blocks of 6 bits and passed to the S-boxes. This is the most critical point of a block cipher and bad implementation of S-boxes can easily compromise security. A S-box is a function {0,1}6 → {0,1}4 and acts like a look-up table. The selection of these tables is of vital importance and has been a controversial matter for many years. It has been proved that linear S-boxes is definitely not an option. Even a partly linear S-box can run under some kind of attacks. After the implementation of all the S-boxes, a last permutation that maps the 32-bits around, takes place. The decryption circuit follows exactly the inverse procedure. Obviously, the encryption and decryption circuit are almost identical as the only actual difference is the order that the f1,f2,,fd functions are applied. This fact made DES very attractive to hardware developers because they had to implement just one algorithm for both procedures. 2.2 Triple Data Encryption Standard (3DES) As already mentioned, DES has been proved to be vulnerable under certain types of attacks so significant has been made in order to improve the security of DES. For this reason, DES has been replaced by 3DES, which was published in 1998 To begin with, let E : KXM → M be a block cipher and lets define the function 3E : K3 → M as 3E((k1,k2,k3),m) = E(k1,D(k2,E(k3,m))), where D denotes the decryption algorithm. Actually, there are three encryption steps. The main question that arises here is why the middle one is a decryption algorithm and not and encryption algorithm. The answer is simple; this would have lead to the implementation of a single DES, beacause the first and the second DES operations cancel out. will cancel the other. Obviously, the key-size, as it was intended, has been increased to 168-bits, as each of the keys is 56-bits. There are three options for keys; in the first key options all the keys are independent, in the second option k1andk2 are independent and k3 = k1 and in the third all three key are identical, k1 = k2 = k3. The third option is no longer recommended by the NIST( National Institute of Standards and Technology), the first key option is the strongest with a total number of 168 key bits as mentioned above, and the second option is stronger that simply implementing DES twice. 2.3 Why not double DES? 3DES is considered to be a secure block cipher. Nevertheless, a normal question is why 2DES in not an option, as it may not seem easy to beak by brute force with a key-length space 2112. A 2DES can be defined in the following way; 2E(k1,k2),m) = E(k1,E(k2,m)) with a key length 112 bits. This construction turns out to be completely insecure and the reason for this is the meet-in-the-middle attack. Basically, if an attacker has at his disposal an actual message and the corresponding ciphertext, which will be of the same length, he will try to find a pair of key (k1,k2) that E(k1,E(k2,M)) = C. If we apply at both parts of this equation the decryption algorithm, then we get the get E(k2,M) = D(k1,C). So, the attacker will try to figure out which is the appropriate pair of key in order to map the message M and ciphertext C at the same point this also justifies the name of the attack meet-in-themiddle. The attack is structured in two steps: Firstly, the attacker has to build up a table wi th all the 2112 keys and the corresponding encryptions and then sort this list, and secondly, for all possible key that belongs to {0,1}56, he calculates D(k,C) and he looks for a match at the previous table. Whenever he finds the first match, his goal has been achieved. The running time of this attack is 256log(256) + 256log(256) < 263, time that is much smaller than the time that is necessary for brute force attack. 2.4 Advanced Encryption Standard(AES) It is widely acceptable AES has been adopted by the U.S. government and nowadays is used worldwide. As DES was proved insecure and 3DES quite slow, the demand for a more effective encryption scheme grew rapidly and at 1997 NIST requested a new proposal. After some investigation, NIST chose Rijndael as AES at 2000, a cipher that was designed in Belgium. AES, unlikely to its predecessor, its not a Feistel Network. In contrast, it is called a substitution-permutation network because both actions of permutation and substitution take place. AES has a fixed block size of 128-bits, although the key length can vary, 128,192 or 256 bits. Additionally, in every round of AES all bits change while in every round of DES half of the bits remain unchanged. Generally, a substitution permutation networks initial input is operated with an XOR with the corresponding round subkey, then goes through a substitution layer where there are some blocks, configured depending on what the substitution table says and finally a permutation layer follows where all bits are permuted. This procedure is repeated many times until the final outcome is produced. All steps of a substitution permutation network must be reversible in order to be able to decrypt. Specifically for AES, the 128-bits, which are equal to 16-bytes, are handled with the help of a 4X4 matrix with ten repeated rounds to follow. Each element of this matrix is one byte. Each byte comes under the XOR operation with the corresponding round subkey, and then a function is applied in every round that consists of three steps: (1) The Sub-Bytes step, according to which all bytes are replaced with other coming from a look-up table, named Rijndael S-box. This S-box is associated with the Galois Field(28) which is considered to have goo properties. This is a critical operation for the overall structure, as it provides AES with non-linearity. (2) The Shift-Rows step, where the last three rows of the current state are moved some certain positions to the left while the first row remains stable and (3) the Mix-Columns step, where all the bytes of each column of the current state are combined under a linear transformation. The last two steps provide AES with diffusion, a vital property for a secure cipher according to which if we change one bit of the plaintext then almost half of the bits o f the ciphertext will change. It is also considerable that the step Mix-Columns is omitted at the last round of AES. Each subkey is produced by the main key with some kind of expansion similar to the DES. The key expansion is introduced with a number of operations named rotate, Rcon, and S-box and then follows an inner loop in key schedule before the final subkey is produced. 3 Comparison and Attacks 3.1 Running time A real concern about which algorithm is appropriate, especially for commercial use, is the effectiveness and its running time. In general, the larger the block size is, the faster is the algorithm, obviously because larger amount of data is encrypted in one round of operations. Similarly, the smaller the key size is, the faster is the encryption algorithm, because the less key bits are involved in the operations and thus the complexity of them is reduced. A series of experiments have taken place to verify which of the famous encryption algorithms, AES,DES,3DES. Most of these experiments implement these encryption algorithms in Java, although there are some others that used C, most of them at a machine of Pentium 2 or Pentium 4. At most of these experiments, the fastest of these algorithms has been proved to be DES, followed by AES and finally from the 3DES, as it is three times slower than DES. It obviously doesnt make sense to examine the running time of these block ciphers in compl ete isolation with the security that they provide although it is definitely a factor that must be taken into consideration. 3.2 Software and Hardware Implementation Another important aspect that must be examined is the performance of these block ciphers in combination with the available hardware. Again, a lot of study has been carried out and provide us with some clear evidence. In compact architecture, 3DES, DES and AES have displayed very similar performance. In contrast, in high-speed architecture, AES is considered to be almost 4-times than the 3DES and DES. This is happening due to a variety of reasons, amongst them there is no hardware support for DES in modern CPUs, when from the other side there is for AES in increasingly many CPUs, including most targeting servers; hence hardware DES is oà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¾oaded to a distant IC, when AES is often in-core. Additionally, DES is often used in CBC mode which makes parallelization inevitable and processed in advance during encryption when AES is mainly used in CTR mode where the possibility of parallelization is available. Finally, DES, and its expansion 3DES is much slower in software than AES, obviously because it was designed back at 1976 before the 8086 processor was designed and uses a lot of bit operations that are not implemented suà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã†â€™ciently in a processor with a word oriented instruction set. 3.3 Attacks on DES and 3DES As already mentioned earlier at this paper, 2DES has been collapsed from the meet-in-the-middle-attack. Simultaneously, DES, despite its contribution to the overall development of cryptography, has also been defeated by a quite popular attack named exhaustive search. Exhaustive search means that the attacker will search the whole key space and he will find the appropriate, which is unique, in suà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã†â€™cient amount of time. There are some cases, even in the real world where the attacker can obtain some pairs (mi,ci), where m denotes a message and c the corresponding ciphertext. Under this small requirement, DES was badly broken. To be specific, a company named RSA, back at 1997 announced a problem with the name DES challenge. The company announced six ciphertexts and in parallel announced the first three actual messages and asked for the scientific community to search for the key and use it to obtain the other messages. The same year of the request the challenge had been solved. To go further, the rapid hardware  development was able to create a machine that find the key and solve the problem, equivalently crack DES, within less than one day at the year 1999 with exhaustive search, leading to the assumption that 56-bits length block ciphers should not be used any more. As DES is one of the most famous and controversial block ciphers, it is not entirely surprising that there is a variety of attacks developed against DES, some of them even faster than exhaustive search. Back at 1998, Kocher and Jun demonstrated a very innovative idea by making a side channel attack, introducing a new era for cryptography. Side channels attacks extract information from the physical implementation of the cipher. This type of attack was specifically against smart cards, and is based in power measurement. They actually measured precisely the running time of the smart cards and analysed the diagrams that they obtain from this measurement. In this way, they were able to learn wa s much time was consumed by in each operation from the smart card and find exactly the key. Nowadays, even smart cards are equipped with mechanisms that dont reveal any information of the power consumption there is an attack called differential power analysis, which can steal the secret key after running a lot of time the smart card. It should me mentioned that these attacks are quite general and not for smart cards. In addition, there is another type of a quite highly surprising class of attacks called fault attacks. In this occasion, the attacker can cause a malfunction to a mechanism, lets say to a smart card, for example by warming it up. If he manage to cause and recognise an error at the last round of DES he will be able to discover the secret key. The last attack that we would like to point out is the so called linear cryptanalysis. This is a generic attack and was introduced by Matsui at 1993 and is one of the most realistic, sophisticated and quick attacks on the DES. His a ttacks, and generally in linear cryptanalysis, one tries to find probalistic linear relations between the plaintext, the ciphertext and the secret key. He starts by examining linear relations at the S-boxes of one round and if he succeeds, he will use the to find out linear relations in one-round and then finally them iteratively to find multi-round relations. These relations from round to round are not independent. By combining all these linear relations, the attacker should be able to retrive the secret key. Matsui attack used 244 known plaintexts to find 13 bits of the secret key with a high probability . A similar method was applied to find another 13 bits and then for the remaining 30-bits he applied exhaustive search, he applied exhaustive search, reducing significantly the time that the initial exhaustive search demands. Today, linear cryptanalysis is considered to be, with some improvements, one of the most powerful attacks on DES. Although DES is considered to be faultless and no specific technical vulnerabilities has been found, a high level of linearity at the fifth box of DES has created the possibility for someone to generate this type of attack. Most of the previously referred attacks can also be implemented against 3DES, as the two block ciphers are obviously, highly related. To begin with, an exhaustive search is not suà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã†â€™cient any more as the key space, if we use three totally independent keys, is huge, especially if we take into consideration the computational power that a strong mahine can demonstrate nowadays. The meet-in-the middle-attack can be applied in a very similar mode, as the attacker can still create a sorted table with the first implementation of DES between one element of the table and the implementation of twice the DES at the opposite direction. The time needed for this attack is 2112, which is considered to be a high level of security, as nowadays a satisfactory level of security against a certain attack is approximately 290, although is still faster in comparison with exhaustive search. Lately, a new attack against block ciphers has been displayed, mainly intended against 3DES and Blowfish and exploits well known kind of vulnerabilities like collision and birthday attacks. Since this is currently under examination and was published only this year, we are not going to expand more. Overall, till today there is not a known and widely acceptable attack that cracks 3DES in a reasonable amount of time. 3.4 Attacks on AES Rijndael has outplayed all other candidates suggested for the AES and so has been analysed quite a bit the last decade. A lot of attacks have been introduced although none of them has hurt AESs security significantly. To begin with, there is a lot of analysis around the meet-in-the-middle attack and some possible improvements of it over the last five years. Gilbert and Minier have proved a very interesting distinguishing property for the first four rounds of AES with the following proposition; lets consider a set of 256 plaintexts where the entry a11 takes all byte values between 0 and 255 exactly once over a given set of plaintexts and all other entries are equal to a constant. If we encrypt this set with three rounds of AES then the function that maps a11 to C11 is determind by 9 fixed 1-byte parameters. C11 denotes the byte values at row i, column j. This proposition was used by them to implement the same idea of the meet-in-the-middle attack. Some further investigation have shown that the number of the parameters, and specifically for 13 or 14 bytes, and this is able to be reduced so the number of the required plaintexts will be minimized. Another famous class of attacks are called cache attacks. Cache is a small part of high speed memory and it aims to keep the CPU as much busy as possible. The catch parameters influence the running time of an algorithm. Specifically, when an element of a data array is called, then we have two possible outcomes. Id the element lies n the cache memory,then the access is instant. In a different situation, the element must be accessed from the main memory. This operation will be executed in significantly different running times and reveal valuable information. We can separate this class of attacks into three families; cold start misses, which arise for the first reference of the data, capacity misses which the magnitude of the element is bigger than the size o the cache and the conflict misses, which may happen in the case of accessing recently accessed data. 4 Conclusion In this paper we examined the structure of popular block ciphers that heavily influenced the development of Cryptography, like DES,3DES and AES and we have compared them in means of running time and software and hardware implementation. We have also considered some basic attacks that have been applied on these cryptosystems. We come to the conclusion that AES is the most safe and practical block ciphers, and this is justified by the fact that is has been chosen for encryption at a series of important applications nowadays. IS it estimated that AES will fully replace 3DES until 2030. There is not any doubt that AES is the most practical and convenient cipher from a hardware and running time perspective. Nevertheless, further investigation must definitely be carried out to ensure the the safety of AES, especially under the increasing enhancement of the technological means, is guaranteed. Finally, the attack Sweet32 is a newly invented attack and must carefully be examined, mainly becau se it is really compromise 3DES security, countermeasures must be taken DES will fully replaced by AES. 5 References [1] Dan Boneh and Victor Shoup, A Graduate Course of Cryptography, August 2015. [2] Diaa Salama Abd Elminaam,Hatem Mohamed Abdual Kader and Mohiy Mohamed Hadhoud, Evaluating The Performance of Symmetric Encryption Algorithms, Higher Technological Institute 10th of Ramadan City, Egypt, (Received Feb. 16, 2009; revised and accepted May 12, 2009) [3] Aamer Nadeem, Dr M. Younus Javed, A Performance Comparison of Data Encryption Algorithms, Department of Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. [4] Akashi Satoh and Sumio Morioka, Hardware-Focused Performance Comparison for the Standard Block Ciphers AES, Camellia, and Triple-DES, Tokyo Research Laboratory IBM Japan Ltd. [5] Huseyin Demirci, Ihsan TaskÄ ±n, Mustafa Coban, and Adnan Baysal, Improved Meet-in-the-Middle Attacks on AES, 2011. [6] Daniel J. Bernstein, Cache-timing attacks on AES, Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science (M/C 249) The University of Illinois at Chicago, 2005. [7] Eran Tromer, Dag Arne Osvik and Adi Shamir, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 32 Vassar Street, G682, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA and Laboratory for Cryptologic Algorithms, Station 14,  ´Ecole Polytechnique F ´ed ´erale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland Received 20 July 2007 and revised 25 June 2009. [8] Anne Canteaut, C ´edric Lauradoux and Andr ´e Seznec, Understanding cache attacks, April 2006. [9] Johannes Blomer and Volker Krummel, Analysis of countermeasures against access driven cache attacks on AES, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering and Mathematics University of Paderborn, Germany 2009. [10] Hamdan.O.Alanazi, B.B.Zaidan, A.A.Zaidan, Hamid A.Jalab, M.Shabbir and Y. Al-Nabhani, New Comparative Study Between DES, 3DES and AES within Nine Factors, Journal of Computing, Volume 2, Issue 3, March 2010. [11] Henri Gi lbert and Thomas Peyrin, Super-Sbox Cryptanalysis:Improved Attacks for AES-like Permutations, Orange Labs, France [12] Elisabeth Oswald, Stefan Mangard, Norbert Pramstaller and Vincent Rijmen, Institute for Applied Information Processing and Communciations (IAIK), Austria, 2005. [13] Kai Schramm, Gregor Leander, Patrick Felke and Christof Paar, A Collision-Attack on AES Combining Side Channel and Differential Attack, Horst Gortz Institute for IT Security, Germany 2005. [14] Alex Biryukov and Dmitry Khovratovich, Related-Key Cryptanalysis of the Full AES-192 and AES-256, University of Luxembourg 2011. [15] A Chosen-Plaintext Linear Attack on DES, Lars R. Knudsen and John Erik Mathiassen Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, N5020 Bergen, Norway, 2000. [16] Jawahar Thakur and Nagesh Kumar, DES, AES and Blowfish: Symmetric Key Cryptography, Algorithms Simulation Based Performance Analysis, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering Website: www.ije tae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 1, Issue 2, December 2011) [17] Stefan Tillich and Christoph Herbst, Attacking State-of-the-Art Software Countermeasures A Case Study for AES, Institute for Applied Information Processing and Communications, Inffeldgasse 16a, A-8010 Graz, Austria

Each Mans Son Essay -- essays Papers

Each Mans Son This story is about a young women named Molly Macneil and her young son Alan. They live in a town called Broughton which is located in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. Broughton is a small town where most of its male inhabitants work at the colliery. Molly is a very lonely women who has been taking on the role of a single mother for the last four years because her husband has been away. Her husband, Archie Macneil, is in the United States following his boxing career. Molly also feels she has to keep this a secret from Alan because she wants him to grow up to be a doctor not a boxer. She will only tell Alan that her father has gone to make money for them and will return when he is finished. She also tells him that his father is a very strong man. Molly has two other men in her life. One is Daniel Ainslie, the town doctor, and Louis Camire, a Frenchman who has just moved to Broughton. Dr Ainslie is a married man who is simply her companion. He is more interested in Alan and his future. But Louis loves Molly ans she has feelings for him even though she denies them. Throughout the book Molly tries her best to make a good life for her and Alan, even though they are both very lonely. Molly misses her husband and Alan misses his father. The two main characters in this book are Molly Macneil and Daniel Ainslie. Molly Macneil is a young women in her early twenties. She is very lonely because she longs for her husband. She is also very troubled. She is fig...

An Analysis of Kfc’s Marketing Mix

| | | | | | AN ANALYSIS OF KFCs MARKETING MIX MEMORANDUM OF TRANSMITTAL DATE:September 6, 2011 SUBJECT:AN ANALYSIS OF MARKETING MIX OF KFC Here is the report you requested on the marketing mix of KFC with special emphasis on the youth. The study included both primary and secondary research. The primary study focused on the students of GIM. From our analysis we conclude that no particular competitive strategy is guaranteed to achieve success at all times. The â€Å"four P’s† of marketing (product, price, place and promotion) provide a good starting point for consideration of the requirements of strategy implementation in the marketing function.The mix of these marketing elements should be appropriate and the plans for each of the elements should also be appropriate. Promotion is more than advertising. The location, size and nature of markets which the business strategy defines will guide promotion mix decisions and should indicate the content of promotional material as w ell. Pricing is a complex issue because it is related to cost, volume, tradeoffs etc. and because it is frequently used as a competitive weapon. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS MEMORANDUM OF TRANSMITTAL†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ iv AN ANALYSIS OF KFCs MARKETING MIX †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1 THE KFC STORY – HOW IT ALL BEGAN†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2 KFC INDIA AND MARKETING MIX OF KFC†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3RESEARCH METHOD†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. CONCLUSIONS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 11 RECOMMENDATIONS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 12 APPENDIX†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 13 REFERENCES†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 14 iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARYPurposes of the report The main purpose of the report is to (1) Analyze the marketing mix of KFC and (2) perform a thorough market analysis by mainly targeting the youth through a consumer survey. The analysis incorporates â⠂¬â€œcompany analysis, competitor analysis, marketing mix analysis, corporate strategies and our recommendations. The data was collected from students in GIM and around 100 responses were collected in all. Main Marketing Strategy of KFC The main finding of the research was that there is no particular success strategy which can guarantee success of an organization.Every organization has to formulate its own strategy to be successful. The marketing strategy of McDonald’s is consumer oriented which is the reason for its success in India. Recommendations To become a more desirable employer McDonalds should aim to provide better working conditions, allow the existence of unions, and increase the number of training schemes. Also, McDonalds’ workforce has a high share of teenagers, although there is no requirement for employees to be of this age. iv AN ANALYSIS OF KFC’s MARKETING MIX1To analyze and study the marketing mix of KFC that it has used to establish its positi on in the Indian market today. The main purpose of this report is to understand the various marketing strategies applied by KFC to establish itself as a successful brand in the fast food industry. The analysis has been substantiated by collating information collected through online surveys. The report attempts to understand the positioning, segmenting and targeting methodologies used by KFC in order to acquire considerable market share.The report is significant in understanding the focus of the marketing strategies and the importance of a consumer oriented approach in the Indian scenario which is the primary reason for KFC’s success in the Indian market. The recommendations suggested by this report can be considered for improving the work environment of the various outlets. The scope of this report is limited to consumption preferences of the students in GIM. The KFC Story – How it All Began KFC Corporation (KFC), founded and also known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is a chain of fast food restaurants based in Louisville, Kentucky, in the United States.KFC has been a brand and operating segment, termed a concept of Yum! Brands since 1997 when that company was spun off from PepsiCo as Tricon Global Restaurants Inc. KFC primarily sells chicken pieces, wraps, salads and sandwiches. While its primary focus is fried chicken, KFC also offers a line of grilled and roasted chicken products, side dishes and desserts. Outside North America, KFC offers beef based products such as hamburgers or kebabs, 2 pork based products such as ribs and other regional fare.The company was founded as Kentucky Fried Chicken by Colonel Harland Sanders in 1952, though the idea of KFC's fried chicken actually goes back to 1930. The company adopted the abbreviated form of its name in 1991. Starting in April 2007, the company began using its original name, Kentucky Fried Chicken, for its signage, packaging and advertisements in the U. S. as part of a new corporate re-branding prog ram; newer and remodeled restaurants will have the new logo and name while older stores will continue to use the 1980s signage.Additionally, Yum! continues to use the abbreviated name freely in its advertising. Born and raised in Henryville, Indiana, Sanders passed through several professions in his lifetime. Sanders first served his fried chicken in 1930 in the midst of the Great Depression at a gas station he owned in North Corbin, Kentucky. The dining area was named â€Å"Sanders Court & Cafe† and was so successful that in 1936 Kentucky Governor Ruby Laffoon granted Sanders the title of honorary Kentucky Colonel in recognition of his contribution to the state's cuisine.The following year Sanders expanded his restaurant to 142 seats, and added a motel he bought across the street. When Sanders prepared his chicken in his original restaurant in North Corbin, he prepared the chicken in an iron skillet, which took about 30 minutes to do, too long for a restaurant operation. In 1939, Sanders altered the cooking process for his fried chicken to use a pressure fryer, resulting in a greatly reduced cooking time comparable to that of deep frying. In 1940 Sanders devised what came to be known as his Original Recipe.The Sanders Court & Cafe generally served travelers, often those headed to Florida, so when the route planned in the 1950s for what would become Interstate 75 bypassed Corbin, he sold his properties and traveled the U. S. to sell his chicken to restaurant owners. The first to take him up on the offer was Pete Harman in South Salt Lake, Utah; together, they opened the first â€Å"Kentucky Fried Chicken† outlet in 1952. By the early 1960s, Kentucky Fried Chicken was sold in over 600 franchised outlets in both the United States and Canada. One of the longest-lived franchisees of the older Col.Sanders' chicken concept, as opposed to the KFC chain, was the Kenny Kings chain. The company owned many Northern Ohio diner-style restaurants, the last of which closed in 2004. 3 KFC India KFC is the world’s No. 1 Chicken QSR and has industry leading stature across many countries like UK, Australia, South Africa, China, USA, Malaysia and many more. KFC is the largest brand of Yum Restaurants, a company that owns other leading brands like Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, A;W and Long John Silver. Renowned worldwide for its finger licking good food, KFC offers its signature products in India too!KFC has introduced many offerings for its growing customer base in India while staying rooted in the taste legacy of Colonel Harland Sander’s secret recipe. Its signature dishes include the â€Å"crispy outside, juicy inside† Hot and Crispy Chicken, flavorful and juicy Original Recipe chicken, the spicy, juicy ; crunchy Zinger Burger, Toasted Twister, Chicken Bucket and a host of beverages and desserts. For the vegetarians in India, KFC also has great tasting vegetarian offerings that include the Veggie Burger, Veggie Snacker and Veg R ice meals.In India, KFC is growing rapidly and today has presence in 11 cities with close to 50 restaurants. 4 Marketing Mix of KFC – 4Ps of marketing Product Streetwise: Veg Snacker, Chicken Snacker, Snack Box, Rizo Rice, Rizo Gravy, Mini Krusher Snacks: Popcorn Chicken, Hit Wings, Boneless chicken strips Veggie Selection : Veg Snacker, Veg Zinger, Veg Strip with Salsa Toasted Wraps Burger: Veg Zinger, Chicken Zinger, Tower Zinger Box Meal Chicken Delight : Fiery Grilled, Hot and Crispy, Original Recipe Bucket Chicken Signature sides: Corn on the cob,  Coleslaw, FriesKrusher: Frappe, Iced Mochaccino, Iced Kappucino Desserts: Soft wirl, Choamor, Brownie Sundae Price KFC follows both optional  pricing  and mixed  bundling  pricing. A consumer can buy dishes from the basic menu and go for add-ons (Optional pricing) and there are combo offers which comprise a mix of items. The pricing of products ranges approximately from 25 Rs. to ~675 Rs. KFC has variety of options i n each category, For e. g. : In Bucket, there are menus with 8pcs, 12pcs and also 12pcs variety bucket(Hot ; Crispy Original Recipe and Chicken Strips). PlaceKFC initially opened its outlets in metros and Tier I cities, now it has gradually moved to Tier II cities where the buying power is one the rise due to rapid urbanization. KFC has its outlets in all major cities and has overtaken Pizza Hut in Quick service restaurants. By the year 2015, KFC is expected to have 500 outlets in India. Promotion KFC does promotional activities by offering add-ons to the existing menu, gift coupons, T-shirts, Kids meal etc. KFC promotes its products through LCD displays kept inside its outlets which promotes their products and kindles desires among consumer.India being the country with largest youth population has favored the growth of KFC and it has become the fastest growing fast food chain in India pushing aside McDonalds’ and Pizza Hut. 5 Competitors Analysis KFC has been a leading fast- food outlet in the country. But it has a lot of competition and these are eating away into its market share. It has its traditional rivals like McDonald’s, Dominos, Pizza Hut and the firm encounters local challenges like Burger King, Smoking Joes. Burger King competes on the fact they serve jumbo burgers at a very competitive price and also use an approach to serve burgers quickly.In the current scenario with such competition only convenient and fast service is not sufficient to differentiate the firm. And for this differentiation a need to enrich the overall experience is required. This is done by providing the customers a holistic experience at the outlets. The outlets are no more only mere eating joints but are a place for recreation and are an important destination for family dinners. To stay in the competition it is essential to continuously keep reviving your product and its lifecycle. This should be done keeping in mind the customer requirements and the changing trends .The new Krushers which have been introduced in four different flavors is a technique to increase their product reach and thus customer satisfaction. 6 Research Methodology Objective of the research The main purpose of the report is to (1) Analyze the marketing mix of KFC and (2) perform a thorough market analysis by mainly targeting the youth through a consumer survey. Scope of the study The scope of the study is limited solely to about 100 students of GIM selected as a sample for the purpose of research. This may hence not be a total reflection of the whole population of KFC’s consumers. Sources of data Primary sources: The primary data was collected through questionnaires. They were filled using the scheduled method of data collection by the researcher. * Secondary sources: The secondary sources like the internet were used for collecting information regarding the sample and were also used for analysis. Limitations of the research The limitations of the research were as fol lows: 1) Lack of proper experience on the part of the researcher in conducting such studies in the past. 2) The time period for carrying out the research was short as a result of which many facts have been left unexplored. ) The area for study which is quite a large area to judge out the consumer preferences 4) Only 100 respondents have been chosen which is a small number to represent the whole of the population. 5) While collection of the data many consumers were unwilling to fill the questionnaire. 7 Survey Questionnaire Q. Which city do you belong to? * Kolkata – 10% * New Delhi – 20% * Pune – 15% * Mumbai – 18% * Others – 37% 8 Q. Which is your beloved KFC product? * Zinger Burger – 32% * Chicken Strips – 11% * Chicken Wings – 15% * Krusher – 18% * KFC original Recipe chicken – 24 %Q. Concerns faced at KFC Outlet? 9 * Long Queues – 19% * Congestion – 10% * Delay in service – 11% * No probl em – 28% * Others – 32% 10 Q. Is the range offered at KFC adequate? * Yes – 21% * No – 42% * Satisfactory – 37% 11 Q. Suggestions for Improvement? * Delivery on time – 17% * Product variety – 11% * Capaciousness – 28% * Prices – 12% * Offers and discount – 14% * Others – 18% Q. What is the first thing that comes to your mind when you think about KFC? 12 * Burger – 29% * Service – 5% * Value for money – 11% * Special KFC Chicken – 44% * Others – 11%Conclusion 13 * The competitive strategy be varied according to the dynamic customer demands and there is no guaranteed formula to achieve success at all times. * Various internal and external factors affect the risk attitudes of the industry. Thus the â€Å"four P’s† of marketing (product, price, place and promotion) provide a good starting point for consideration of the requirements of strategy implementation in t he marketing function. * A great deal of research is required to arrive at the right mix of these marketing elements. Market research forms the basis of marketing decisions catering to consumer needs and appropriate marketing are designed to meet those needs. The distribution system brings the product or service to the place where in can best fill customer needs. * The distribution channels can make a lot of difference between success and failure of a new product. Integration of distributors, wholesalers and retailers is extremely important. * Promotion and advertising form the core of marketing. The location, size and nature of markets is defined by the business strategy and that also guides the promotion mix as well as content of promotional material. 4 Recommendations * Menu diversification to accommodate more healthy foods could be regarded as necessary in the future. * Better working conditions and training schemes to ensure higher employee productivity. * The environmental pol icies need to be communicated to the public at large. * The key to KFC’s success will be a continuation of their product consistency, better location choices and improved retail business model execution, particularly with regard to the training of employees. * Also, they should work on the capacity of their joints. 15 References Bibliography KFC – Yum! Brands – Defining Global Company that Feeds the World. n. d. ). Retrieved from KFC – Yum! Brands – Defining Global Company that Feeds the World: www. yum. com/brands/kfc. asp Welcome to KFC. com. (n. d. ). Retrieved from Welcome to KFC. com: www. kfc. com Wikipedia. (n. d. ). Retrieved from Wikipedia: en. wikipedia. org/wiki/KFC http://www. kaizencoaching. com. au/articles/basics_marketing_PLC. htm. (n. d. ). Kotler, P. , Jha, M. , Lane, K. , ; Koshi, A. (2009). Marketing Management. Pearson Education. 14 Appendix Exhibits 1. KFC Menu in India SAMPLE QUESTIONAIRE: The online survey questionnaire can be viewed at the below mentioned link

Cold War Essay

The existing tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union proceeded to spike between 1945 and 1950. The disputes between these two countries pressured them to start a war. Of the post World War II goals that contributed to the Cold War, there were a prominent few, including the â€Å"Iron Curtain†, the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, and NATO. During the Cold War, competition for methods of weaponry skyrocketed. Some of said tactics were Satellite nations, the Space Race, and the buildup of arms. Originally, The United States and the Soviet Union formed a bond simply because of their mutual fear that the Nazis would gain control over Europe. After the war was over, restructuring of Europe commenced. When this began to happen, a power struggle between the Soviet Union and the United States developed. The tension continued to rise, but neither wished to go to war because of the whopping number of lives taken from World War II, therefore, the term â€Å"Cold War† makes sense. Winston Churchill gave his famous â€Å"Iron Curtain† speech on March 5th, 1946, which mainly focussed on changing the world’s view of Stalin and his dictatorship. Citizens were blind to Stalin’s cruel dictatorship, simply because they needed some kind of leader. Churchill stated in his speech that, the â€Å"Iron Curtain† separated West and Eastern Europe. The East European government adopted a communist system and fell under the control of the U.S.S.R. (Doc #1). This created tension, induced by ideology differences. President Truman made up a plan, in which he felt that there should be a policy of the United States to provide financial aid to countries who are trying to avoid domination from other countries. Truman gave $400 million in aid to Turkey and Greece (Doc. #2). This heightened pressure between the U.S. And other countries because of how strong the U.S. obviously was, compared to any other country. This was also a threat to other countries. Marshall, secretary of State, stated that the vast amount of political, economical, and social damage Europe were going through would not only effect the continent itself, but the world as a whole. He stated that this was a major concern, and the U.S. should do everything in its power to fix this torn continent. He stated that without the assistance, there would be ongoing hunger and poverty (Doc. #3). Marshall gave $13 billion to Europe to aid the damage. The Truman Doctrine, and the marshall Plan, were both attempts to maintain successful political, economical, and social stability throughout the world to prevent the post war downfall from occurring once again. Joseph Stalin, dictator of the Soviet Union, captured Berlin. This upset many countries and so, NATO was born. They believed that an attack on one country was an attack on them all. The arms race occurred as a result because the countries stated that armed forces would be used if necessary to protect a country who had to undergo an armed attack.

Critique of John Updikes A and P Essays

Critique of John Updikes A and P Essays Critique of John Updikes A and P Paper Critique of John Updikes A and P Paper Blotted uses imagery to make a statement that critics have Ignored Updates use of the girls as legendary Sirens in his story A, that no one else has observed this collection of imagery In the story, and that this is important for the Interpretation of Sammy. Blotted acknowledges that Update has used Sammy to be a hero for the girls, but feels that critics have missed the obvious use of the girls to purposely tempt Sammy. And that Update used this Imagery to make the reader think of a mermaid, which would mean Queenly was a Siren. The Images Blotted uses to come to this conclusion begin with the market Itself, the surrounding beach, and the fact that the girls came to the market to purchase herring snacks. Blotted points out the physical attributes of Queenly that are salary to a mermaid, and points out Queen walked In a fashion that could show a resemblance too mermaid. And she also believes that the herring snacks flashing In her blue eyes, as an Image, equate her being aquatic royalty. Blotted feels Update really meant for the reader to piece hose things together and come to the conclusion that Queen was a Siren. Harriet Blotted seems to have found something in A that no other critic has noticed before, and possibly not even Update himself. Blotted seems to stretch details of this story to conform to her idea. She thinks the herring snack the girls are buying is an image that none of the critics pays attention to (273). But she fails to include that this item is what Sammy uses to decide that Queen is upper class when he pictures men standing around in ice cream coats and bow ties and the omen were standing in sandals picking up herring snacks on toothpicks (134). This Imagery was not missed, but instead it was Just a portion of a very important image used in the story, the image that Queen was upper class. Blotted then used the description that Queen walked as if she didnt walk in bare feet much (132) to say the reader should believe Update was thinking about flippers (273) instead of the easy assumption that she wears dress shoes most of the time. She also acknowledges the fact that Sammy is used as a proverbial knight in shining armor (237), but this is contradiction to Queen being a Siren.

And No Matter Where You Run Into It, Prejudice Obscures the Truth Essays

And No Matter Where You Run Into It, Prejudice Obscures the Truth Essays And No Matter Where You Run Into It, Prejudice Obscures the Truth Essay And No Matter Where You Run Into It, Prejudice Obscures the Truth Essay Twelve Angry Men Reginald Rose Pg 53 when juror 8 says â€Å"And no matter where you run into it, prejudice obscures the truth† he means when ever and where ever you are narrow-mindedness and racism can cloud your judgment towards people of all races and cultures, this can be proved by the stubbornness of juror 10 to change his mind about the boys case, and juror 3’s absolute unwillingness to change is mind even when all the other jurors starting with juror 8 note innocent. Juror 10 is one of the most racist and prejudice of the all the jurors a quote to show this is â€Å"Now you’re not going to tell us that we’re supposed to believe that kid, knowing what he is. Listen, I’ve lived among ‘em all my life. You can’t believe a word they say. I mean, they’re born liars. † When he says this he means/believes that people are born in slums are born to live lives of crime and disseat, even thou juror 5 was born and lived in a slum all his life he is a perfectly respectably man. This proves that juror 10 was wrong and people born in slums aren’t born to lie and commit crime. There for prejudice did obscure the truth for juror 10. Juror 3 is the last to change his note because of his grudge against kids this grudge started him and his son had a fight and his son left home ever since juror 3 has had prejudice against kids, when juror 3 says â€Å"That goddamn rotten kid. I know him. What they’re like. What they do to you. How they kill you everyday. My God, don’t you see? How come I’m the only one who sees? Jeez, I can feel that knife going in. this proves that juror 3 thinks he knows every kid in the whole world and knows that they are disrespectful and unthankful. In other words prejudice. When he says â€Å"Jeez, I can feel that knife going in† this shows that he is so shore of the boy committing the crime even thou the boy was found innocent in the end, showing that prejudice did lead juror 3 away from the truth there fo r proving the point that prejudice does obscure the truth. Despite all these facts juror 8 still saw the small chance that the boy could have been innocent a quote to show this is â€Å"But we have a reasonable oubt†¦. No jury can declare a man guilty unless it’s sure. † He’s telling us we have to be sure if we are going to blame someone for anything. This shows us that prejudice isn’t every where in the world and some people do look past race and cultural backgrounds. In conclusion we have to try to look past the color of someone’s skin where they come from are born or have grown up, and look at all the facts to get the absolute truth on the questions that are asked. By Harry Plum

Cango Wk 4 Swot

Performing a SWOT analysis technique would be very beneficial at this point and will serve as the baseline to elaborate on a strategic plan for the organization. CG consultants have been monitoring CanGo’s processes for quite sometime, and we have developed the following preliminary SWOT analysis: Strength: ?Purchasing an automated storage and retrieval system (ASRS) would help to improve the warehouse, by purchasing an automated storage and retrieval system it is a great solution for CanGo’s handling inventory in a more effective and efficient manner. ?CanGo has had tremendous growth over the past couple of years. CanGo has also been recognized for as one of the fastest growing small business in the Hudson Valley. CanGo is continually looking to venture out into other areas, in an effort of improving the overall organization. Weaknesses: ?One of the biggest issues is the fact that CanGo does not have a Vision and Mission Statement. Without a vision and mission the organization does not have a clear direction of the organization. ?CanGo is also missing a Strategic plan, without a strategic plan there is no roadmap for growth and prosperity. Strategic planning will help you foresee and react quickly to market changes and opportunities. CanGo should conduct these strategic plans routinely, by doing so it helps you to see opportunities earlier and set up contingency plans so threats are minimized. ?Lack of a system analysis and programmer is also a weakness for CanGo, in general a system analyst would ensure that the requirements set forth by the business are captured and documented correctly before the solution is developed and implemented. Currently this is not happening for CanGo, so this is an area that needs to be addressed, without it CanGo would not have the knowledge of understanding how present and future business needs will impact the olutions and the implementation process. Opportunities: ?Investing in an in-house database that incorporates into an automated storage and retrieval system ASRS. Fully automated and integrated storage systems are the ultimate in warehouse management and efficiency. They allow for complete integration of the company’s ERP software with warehouse retrieval storage system. Order picking is optimized and controlled. ?CanGo would also benefit from updating their website to reinforce corporate and brand identity, this would help their existing investment in marketing go further. This would allow for CanGo to advertise services and products, build customer relations through personalized services, they could also benefit by conducting market research through their website. The internet is a great opportunity for your business to compete on a much more level playing field with much larger businesses. Threats ?CanGo faces losing business from their website to other websites due to their web search taking too long, where the competition’s website is optimized and produces the results quicker Recommendations Issue 1: Marketing to the right customers and consumers is vital to every business. A company needs to know how to market to a certain target to attract their customers so they can sell their goods and create a profit from their inventory. CanGo built their success onluck and they never bothered to get into the details of how their company became successful. They are lacking important and vital information to keep their company successful. Since there is no marketing department in CanGo, I would suggest for them to hire an outside company to conduct their marketing research; I believe that they would benefit from this. The upper management of CanGo should research the company that would best fit the job; perhaps choosing a company that specializes in the same industry as CanGo. There are many advantages to hiring an outside research company; they would be able to determine who the target customers are, where these customers are located, how to reach the target customers and exactly what type of product or services they are looking for. Once the marketing research company determines all of these issues, CanGo would be more effective in marketing their product. Issue 2: The fact that no one is tracking where the work is and who is supposed to be working on what can lead to many problems. Some employees may be doing more work than others because they are efficient and everything seems to land on their desk while others may be receiving credit for work they are not doing. In the video we saw that Nick was tasked out with creating a process flow chart, but he passed it on to someone else, and that some one pass it down to two more people. I believe in fair and equal work between team members so they should break down the work prior to initiating any task. There is nothing wrong with helping your teammates but not do the work for them. Passing work like that can also lead to it getting misplaced. They should use a flow chart to track where the work is. A Gantt chart or a document flow chart seem like a perfect fit for this occasion. The document flow chart will trace the process flow chart document through the system to avoid it getting lost. Losing information can also lead to the loss of secret or personal information. It can be very costly and time consuming to redo all the work that was lost. No one wants to redo what he or she already did. Issue 3: CanGo has been experiencing issues where customers are browsing the website and even selection items to purchase and placing them in their check-out cart; however the customers are leaving the website without making their purchases. It appears that the customers are experiencing issues regarding making purchases from the website. CG consultants have a number of recommendations to enhance the shop experience on CanGo’s website. One of the reasons may be due to trust. With internet connection, people want instant gratification. If your sale process is not hassle-free, many customers will go elsewhere. In order to keep customers coming back and to making purchases, CanGo needs to make sure that it is easy to navigate throughout the website, such as making sure that when a customer click on an item it loads up in a timely fashion, time counts, when shopping on websites. Other things that could enhance the website are having a clean and professional design; your home page has a huge impact on visitors. I would also include a search box that is user friendly, this way customers can locate items that they are interested in quickly. Online customer service is another feature that would enhance business, if customers wanted to chat about checkout problems, this could prevent cart abandonment. Not only can live support help customers figure out your site, locate products or ask questions, live chat can be reactive, where the system triggers a chat invitation based on user behavior. Last but not least there should be links to social networks, such as (Facebook, Twitter, etc. , all of these functionalities would enhance the customers visit to your website more inviting and pleasurable. Issue 4: At CanGo, there is an increase in customer complaints and returns, and before they bring in a new ASRS system and spend more money, they need to correct the customer issues beforehand. If customers are not satisfied with CanGo products or the way they are handling the ordering process, then complai ning is a good way for CanGo to realize they are doing something wrong, so they can fix it. In order to keep loyal CanGo customers as well as gain more, the company needs to address where the customers complaints are coming from. This could be from the website not being user-friendly or the customer is not getting enough feedback and going through with the purchase. If the customer does go through with the purchase, then CanGo seems to be getting more returns of the merchandise bought through the website. What CanGo needs to do is to start at the beginning to to look at the company through the eyes of the customer, and they need to figure out the best way to have the customer feel great and good about their purchases from step one of the buying process to the final purchasing stage of the process. Issue 5: Website optimization is very important to online businesses, when a customer makes a search on the website they do not want to have to wait long periods for the results. To improve the issue with the long search times they need to optimize their website and use website compression, this will allow the website to run much faster and produce the quicker results that the customers are wanting. Issue 6: To solve is issue with where the employees that are pickers will go once the ASRS system is implemented is simple, they can look at areas that have performance and possibly quality issues and they can place these employees there as opposed to terminating them. By placing these employees in these â€Å"problem† areas, this can increase the productivity of these areas increasing more work flow. Reference Monique. (2012, January 23). [Web log message]. Retrieved from http://upandrunning. bplans. com/2012/01/23/the-benefit-of-market-research/ Best practices for speeding up your web site. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://developer. yahoo. com/performance/rules. html CanGo Video Week 34. (2012, November 11). Retrieved from DeVry University: www. devryu. net Harris, D. (n. d. ). Types of Flow Charts. Retrieved November 20, 2012, from eHow: www. ehow. com/about_5061018_types-flowcharts. html CanGo Videos Weeks 34. 2012, November 19). Retrieved from DeVry University: www. devryu. net Center for simplified Strategic Planning. (2011, November). Simplified strategic planning. Retrieved November 2012, from The best ways to reward employees: www. cssp. com/http:;www. entrepreneur. com/article/753340 CanGo Videos Weeks 34. (2012, November 19). Retrieved from DeVry University: www. devryu. net Top 10 Things Customers Expect from Your Online Store. (2012, 11 20). GetEelastic. Retrieved fro m http://www. getelastic. com/customer-expectations/ Cango Wk 4 Swot Performing a SWOT analysis technique would be very beneficial at this point and will serve as the baseline to elaborate on a strategic plan for the organization. CG consultants have been monitoring CanGo’s processes for quite sometime, and we have developed the following preliminary SWOT analysis: Strength: ?Purchasing an automated storage and retrieval system (ASRS) would help to improve the warehouse, by purchasing an automated storage and retrieval system it is a great solution for CanGo’s handling inventory in a more effective and efficient manner. ?CanGo has had tremendous growth over the past couple of years. CanGo has also been recognized for as one of the fastest growing small business in the Hudson Valley. CanGo is continually looking to venture out into other areas, in an effort of improving the overall organization. Weaknesses: ?One of the biggest issues is the fact that CanGo does not have a Vision and Mission Statement. Without a vision and mission the organization does not have a clear direction of the organization. ?CanGo is also missing a Strategic plan, without a strategic plan there is no roadmap for growth and prosperity. Strategic planning will help you foresee and react quickly to market changes and opportunities. CanGo should conduct these strategic plans routinely, by doing so it helps you to see opportunities earlier and set up contingency plans so threats are minimized. ?Lack of a system analysis and programmer is also a weakness for CanGo, in general a system analyst would ensure that the requirements set forth by the business are captured and documented correctly before the solution is developed and implemented. Currently this is not happening for CanGo, so this is an area that needs to be addressed, without it CanGo would not have the knowledge of understanding how present and future business needs will impact the olutions and the implementation process. Opportunities: ?Investing in an in-house database that incorporates into an automated storage and retrieval system ASRS. Fully automated and integrated storage systems are the ultimate in warehouse management and efficiency. They allow for complete integration of the company’s ERP software with warehouse retrieval storage system. Order picking is optimized and controlled. ?CanGo would also benefit from updating their website to reinforce corporate and brand identity, this would help their existing investment in marketing go further. This would allow for CanGo to advertise services and products, build customer relations through personalized services, they could also benefit by conducting market research through their website. The internet is a great opportunity for your business to compete on a much more level playing field with much larger businesses. Threats ?CanGo faces losing business from their website to other websites due to their web search taking too long, where the competition’s website is optimized and produces the results quicker Recommendations Issue 1: Marketing to the right customers and consumers is vital to every business. A company needs to know how to market to a certain target to attract their customers so they can sell their goods and create a profit from their inventory. CanGo built their success onluck and they never bothered to get into the details of how their company became successful. They are lacking important and vital information to keep their company successful. Since there is no marketing department in CanGo, I would suggest for them to hire an outside company to conduct their marketing research; I believe that they would benefit from this. The upper management of CanGo should research the company that would best fit the job; perhaps choosing a company that specializes in the same industry as CanGo. There are many advantages to hiring an outside research company; they would be able to determine who the target customers are, where these customers are located, how to reach the target customers and exactly what type of product or services they are looking for. Once the marketing research company determines all of these issues, CanGo would be more effective in marketing their product. Issue 2: The fact that no one is tracking where the work is and who is supposed to be working on what can lead to many problems. Some employees may be doing more work than others because they are efficient and everything seems to land on their desk while others may be receiving credit for work they are not doing. In the video we saw that Nick was tasked out with creating a process flow chart, but he passed it on to someone else, and that some one pass it down to two more people. I believe in fair and equal work between team members so they should break down the work prior to initiating any task. There is nothing wrong with helping your teammates but not do the work for them. Passing work like that can also lead to it getting misplaced. They should use a flow chart to track where the work is. A Gantt chart or a document flow chart seem like a perfect fit for this occasion. The document flow chart will trace the process flow chart document through the system to avoid it getting lost. Losing information can also lead to the loss of secret or personal information. It can be very costly and time consuming to redo all the work that was lost. No one wants to redo what he or she already did. Issue 3: CanGo has been experiencing issues where customers are browsing the website and even selection items to purchase and placing them in their check-out cart; however the customers are leaving the website without making their purchases. It appears that the customers are experiencing issues regarding making purchases from the website. CG consultants have a number of recommendations to enhance the shop experience on CanGo’s website. One of the reasons may be due to trust. With internet connection, people want instant gratification. If your sale process is not hassle-free, many customers will go elsewhere. In order to keep customers coming back and to making purchases, CanGo needs to make sure that it is easy to navigate throughout the website, such as making sure that when a customer click on an item it loads up in a timely fashion, time counts, when shopping on websites. Other things that could enhance the website are having a clean and professional design; your home page has a huge impact on visitors. I would also include a search box that is user friendly, this way customers can locate items that they are interested in quickly. Online customer service is another feature that would enhance business, if customers wanted to chat about checkout problems, this could prevent cart abandonment. Not only can live support help customers figure out your site, locate products or ask questions, live chat can be reactive, where the system triggers a chat invitation based on user behavior. Last but not least there should be links to social networks, such as (Facebook, Twitter, etc. , all of these functionalities would enhance the customers visit to your website more inviting and pleasurable. Issue 4: At CanGo, there is an increase in customer complaints and returns, and before they bring in a new ASRS system and spend more money, they need to correct the customer issues beforehand. If customers are not satisfied with CanGo products or the way they are handling the ordering process, then complai ning is a good way for CanGo to realize they are doing something wrong, so they can fix it. In order to keep loyal CanGo customers as well as gain more, the company needs to address where the customers complaints are coming from. This could be from the website not being user-friendly or the customer is not getting enough feedback and going through with the purchase. If the customer does go through with the purchase, then CanGo seems to be getting more returns of the merchandise bought through the website. What CanGo needs to do is to start at the beginning to to look at the company through the eyes of the customer, and they need to figure out the best way to have the customer feel great and good about their purchases from step one of the buying process to the final purchasing stage of the process. Issue 5: Website optimization is very important to online businesses, when a customer makes a search on the website they do not want to have to wait long periods for the results. To improve the issue with the long search times they need to optimize their website and use website compression, this will allow the website to run much faster and produce the quicker results that the customers are wanting. Issue 6: To solve is issue with where the employees that are pickers will go once the ASRS system is implemented is simple, they can look at areas that have performance and possibly quality issues and they can place these employees there as opposed to terminating them. By placing these employees in these â€Å"problem† areas, this can increase the productivity of these areas increasing more work flow. Reference Monique. (2012, January 23). [Web log message]. Retrieved from http://upandrunning. bplans. com/2012/01/23/the-benefit-of-market-research/ Best practices for speeding up your web site. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://developer. yahoo. com/performance/rules. html CanGo Video Week 34. (2012, November 11). Retrieved from DeVry University: www. devryu. net Harris, D. (n. d. ). Types of Flow Charts. Retrieved November 20, 2012, from eHow: www. ehow. com/about_5061018_types-flowcharts. html CanGo Videos Weeks 34. 2012, November 19). Retrieved from DeVry University: www. devryu. net Center for simplified Strategic Planning. (2011, November). Simplified strategic planning. Retrieved November 2012, from The best ways to reward employees: www. cssp. com/http:;www. entrepreneur. com/article/753340 CanGo Videos Weeks 34. (2012, November 19). Retrieved from DeVry University: www. devryu. net Top 10 Things Customers Expect from Your Online Store. (2012, 11 20). GetEelastic. Retrieved fro m http://www. getelastic. com/customer-expectations/

College course appeal letter Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

College course appeal letter - Assignment Example Time wastage is another reason why I feel that this course should be transferred. At the current state, I will be required to dedicate a lot of time attending classes, doing assignments and other projects required under Course 123 that I did under Course ABC. I therefore believe that redoing this course will be a duplication of efforts and I could spend the time on other course units and related activities such as academic research. In addition, the university ought to acknowledge a credential course certificate from another university and further approve the transfer of such a course for any student. Lastly, the university should allow for the transfer of this course because I not only completed it but also passed and having to repeat it will be a demoralizing experience for me. I hope you will give me the chance to have the course transferred. Thank you for considering this

A High School Teacher Proffesion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

A High School Teacher Proffesion - Essay Example Basically, a high school teacher works school hours (commonly spanning from 8 am to 5 pm) which varies depending on the school regulations or state laws. However, some high school teachers can, at their own leisure, work in the evenings, or weekends, to grade (mark) papers and prepare lessons (Maloy and Irving, 24). Most high school teachers do not, however, teach during summer, on public holidays and when schools close on April, August, and December. Judging from the nature of work of a high school teacher, and the amount of free time in a year compared to other demanding, all year round professions such as those of doctors, I think their median annual wage of USD 55,050 is fair. However, there is still room for improvement on this figure and more motivation because teachers are responsible for the important task of shaping the destiny of a nation by modeling students into better citizens, relatives, friends, leaders and employees/ employers (professionals) in all fields (Maloy and Irving, 43). High school teaching can come with its own fair share of challenges and stress. Teachers can often be at the end of unfair criticism from both their superiors, supervisors and students’ parents because of the students’ poor performances while they could have actually tried their best, or while the problem lies elsewhere (either in the school, at home or in the communities in which the students live). Moreover, teachers have too high school teachers have to accept that they will occasionally encounter utter disrespect and lack of motivation from students. Furthermore, high school teachers can find work difficult in schools with very large classes and an absence of critical learning/ teaching tools such as updated textbooks and computers (Haugen, 78).     

Public transportation vs driving a car Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Public transportation vs driving a car - Essay Example car owner pay a lot of money for such things as fuel, car taxes, vehicle inspection, insurance, washes, maintenance, fines, repairs, and parking (Automobile Association). Two out of ten unintentional injury deaths take place while transportation. The risk of passenger’s death varies greatly depending on the means a person chooses to travel. In this regard, public transport is safer. For example, during 2006-2008, more than 14,000 of car passengers died in car accidents while the number of deaths of passengers who took buses is about fifty (National Safety Council). Finally, public transport does less harm to the environment than private transport. Overall, transportation in the United States accounts for about 28% of greenhouse gases emissions. Of this, buses, trains, and ships emit only 7% while 34% is generated by private cars (Pubtrantravel). Automobile Association. "Car Running Costs."Â  The AA. Automobile Association Development Ltd, 7 Jul 2014. Web. 21 Oct 2014. .

In what ways do colonialist ideas continue to influence contemporary Essay

In what ways do colonialist ideas continue to influence contemporary culture Describe with reference to fashion, literature, fi - Essay Example Africa is the country which has suffered most from colonization and this could be due to its vast natural resources and cheap labor. White men have colonized many parts of the world and have lived there more than a century. Colonization means losing sovereignty from the indigenous people to the foreigners. They dominate the cultural, social, spiritual, economic, political and psychological ways of indigenous people. Violence and enforcement has always been a part of colonization. These colonized people lived in different countries like India, African continent, America, Spain, Philippines and Portugal. This gives chance for lot of amalgamation of culture. Since the colonized Europeans live in these regions for a longer period the indigenous people are highly influenced by the lifestyle of the colonized. According to Sanders(2009,pg.1-51)â€Å"Of the great colonial powers of Western Europe – Britain, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain – only Britain le ft this legacy to its colonies†. The culture, politics, government, education and language changes largely due to colonization. We can see that Europeans left large legacies behind in almost all the countries they have colonized. The colonialist ideas have made many countries what I see today and we can see it in many aspects of our lifestyle like fashion, literature or education system. The Colonization and English Colonization has been influencing people in different countries on different level. Mostly English men have ruled many African countries and South Asian countries. The British men have lived for more than a century in many African regions and they have influenced the people in many ways. However, if we contemplate our contemporary world is influenced by colonialist ideas in many spheres of our life. Actually we are living in symbolic skeletal remains of colonial infrastructure until now. What we see in newspapers, television and magazines are a face lift life from previous era. We have had a social reformation but still we have traces of colonialism in our everyday life. The traces of colonialism are evident in cultural economy and popular culture. We can see the biggest influence of colonization is the language the whole world is speaking. We can see that as the British ruled many parts of the world for centuries they established their Mother tongue as a universal language. If we look at our contemporary world, we can see that English is the communication medium for all people around the world .All the countries teaches English language in schools. In most countries, English is the primary language and then comes their mother tongue. The English language now cannot be considers as the language of British but it is language spoken by all people in the world. This can be first and most evident colonist influence on contemporary world. The Colonist and Fashion Image 2 – A colonial costume We can see that before colonial period, the cloth ing of people in different countries varied to a great extent. If one look at African culture, we can see that men and women wore less of clothing as they had humid weather. They wore cotton fabrics which are heavy with dark color motifs. In the same manner, South Asian people wore less of upper clothing and mostly had a cotton or linen clothing for their lower body. Most of the colonized

Statement of objectives for Public Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Statement of objectives for Public Policy - Essay Example anagement at Polytechnic Institute of New York University, I share The University of Arkansas’ thrust in participating in community service through planning and outreach programs. I am determined to assist in improving the capacity of public service in a dynamic urban society through furthering education and community engagement. With my master degree, I was credited with 3 Advanced Certificates in Management from the same university, to wit: Advanced Certificate in Information Management, Advanced Certificate in Telecommunication Management, and Advanced Certificate in Human Resource. Equipped with these academic achievements, I am prepared to undertake greater challenges in higher education. My ultimate goal is to be an instrument of change to my country once I completed the Public Policy PhD Program at the University of Arkansas. I believe it is one of the most prestigious institutions which can accord an interdisciplinary approach to the program. I am optimistic in learning various public policies and programs specifically in the area of leadership policy. I would like to be given the opportunity to share the theoretical and practical applications of public policy in Saudi Arabia, which unselfishly provided me with 100% scholarship through the King Abdullah Graduate Studies Scholarship Program. If accepted, I plan to spend part of my time developing greater insight into one of my primary research interests – exploring leadership roles through various applications in contemporary public organizations. For individuals who exemplify characteristics and behavior that demonstrate the concept of leadership in serving society, the most important consideration is to take accountability through an examination of policy design, policy leadership and applications of managerial skills in interorganizational environments. The potentials for research in these areas are vast and diverse and may assist organizations in adapting to changes in the global environment. The

STRATEGIC SUPPLY CHAIN AND LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT Essay

STRATEGIC SUPPLY CHAIN AND LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT - Essay Example p.141.). An organization with strong supply chain integration can easily achieve competitive advantage resulting in efficient performance of the operational activities. According to Dolgui and Proth, â€Å"a supply chain is a global network of organizations that cooperate to improve the flaws of material and information between suppliers and customers at the lowest cost with the highest speed† (Dolgui and Proth, (2010), p.113). The primary objective of supply chain management is to provide high satisfaction to the customer group through effective operational processes. The task of managing efficient supply chain for meeting its objectives is known as supply chain management (SCM). Monezka and colleagues defined SCM as a concept â€Å"whose primary objective is to integrate and manage the sourcing, flow, and control of materials using a total system perspective across multiple functions and multiple tiers of suppliers† (Mentzer, 2001, p.8). Retail market is a service industry where finished goods are sold to the final consumers. The core operational activity of a retailer is to provide service to customers by selling products manufactured by different organizations. Therefore, in retailing business, the activities related to supply chain are of paramount importance. Hence, managing supply chain in retail business is more challenging as it determines the level of consumer satisfaction. The primary objective of this paper is to analyze the supply chain related issues of the supermarket and to develop a relevant and valid supply chain management for retailing business. The SWOT analysis of supermarket will help to realize its current position for framing its supply chain model. In order to support the proposal, two relevant research papers related to supply chain will be explained. Finally, the paper will be concluded by offering valid recommendations on the basis of the analyses and

Statement of objectives for Public Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Statement of objectives for Public Policy - Essay Example anagement at Polytechnic Institute of New York University, I share The University of Arkansas’ thrust in participating in community service through planning and outreach programs. I am determined to assist in improving the capacity of public service in a dynamic urban society through furthering education and community engagement. With my master degree, I was credited with 3 Advanced Certificates in Management from the same university, to wit: Advanced Certificate in Information Management, Advanced Certificate in Telecommunication Management, and Advanced Certificate in Human Resource. Equipped with these academic achievements, I am prepared to undertake greater challenges in higher education. My ultimate goal is to be an instrument of change to my country once I completed the Public Policy PhD Program at the University of Arkansas. I believe it is one of the most prestigious institutions which can accord an interdisciplinary approach to the program. I am optimistic in learning various public policies and programs specifically in the area of leadership policy. I would like to be given the opportunity to share the theoretical and practical applications of public policy in Saudi Arabia, which unselfishly provided me with 100% scholarship through the King Abdullah Graduate Studies Scholarship Program. If accepted, I plan to spend part of my time developing greater insight into one of my primary research interests – exploring leadership roles through various applications in contemporary public organizations. For individuals who exemplify characteristics and behavior that demonstrate the concept of leadership in serving society, the most important consideration is to take accountability through an examination of policy design, policy leadership and applications of managerial skills in interorganizational environments. The potentials for research in these areas are vast and diverse and may assist organizations in adapting to changes in the global environment. The

Science investigation report Essay Example for Free

Science investigation report Essay The moment the paper clip is dipped in, time the electroplating process for 30 seconds. 10. After 30 seconds, take out the paper clip, switch off the power supply and weigh the final mass of the paper clip. 11. Repeat step five to eleven a second time to obtain a second set of results. Use a new paper clip each time when repeating the steps. 12. Repeat step five to twelve, increasing the voltage of the current by 2V each time. 13. Tabulate the results. Results The table shows the changes of masses in the initial and final mass of the paper clips when undergoing electroplating at different voltages. Voltage of Electric Current (V) Trial 1 Trial 2 Average Mass Change (g) Initial Mass (g) Final Mass (g) Mass Change (g) Initial Mass (g) Final Mass (g) Mass Change (g) Graph Analysis of Results and Graph. After conducting the experiment, it is found that when the voltage of the electricity from the power supply was 2V (the least voltage among the others), the mass change in the paper clip before and after the electroplating process was the least, which meant that the rate of electrolysis was the slowest here, hence the mass of the copper metal plated onto the paper clip was the lightest. As the voltage of the electric current increased by 2V gradually each time, the mass change in the paper clip before and after electroplating increased as well, this meant that the mass of the copper metal plated onto the paper clip also increased. This meant that when the voltage of the electric current was at its largest (10V), the mass change of the paper clip before and after the electroplating process was the largest, and hence the mass of the copper metal plated onto the paper clip was the heaviest. As the voltage increased by 2V each time, the mass of the copper metal deposited onto the paper clip mostly increased at a constant rate of 0. 004, with the result at 8V being a little off, but still valid. The graph shows how the voltages of the electric current affect the mass change of the paper clip before and after the electroplating process. It is a linear graph, where the gradient of the graph increases constantly at the same rate. There is a rather positive association between the voltage and the mass change in paper clip, and the strength of the association is strong, so it is safe to say that both variables are directly proportionate to each other. Throughout the entire experiment, the gradient increased at a proportionate rate, which indicates and proves that the formula Q = It and V = IR is true and is directly proportionate. Hence, at the lowest voltage, the mass of copper metal deposited on the paper clip was the least and at the highest voltage, the mass of the copper metal deposited on the paper clip was the most. Conclusion The results from the experiment showed that as the voltage of the electric current increased, the mass of the copper metal deposited on the paper clip also increased. Therefore, I can say that my hypothesis is supported and correct. This is because when the voltage of the electric current increased gradually, the current in the circuit increased as well. As the current increased, the charge of the electric current increased as well, as said so in the formulas. This would mean that the flow of electrons is faster; hence the rate of electroplating would also be faster. This would mean that the mass of copper metal deposited on the paper clip within 30 seconds would also increase. Therefore, as the voltage of the electric current increases, the mass of the copper metal deposited on the paper clip also increased. Reliability I can say that my experiment is rather reliable because I repeated everything 2 times to get the average results so that the results would be more accurate. There were no problems and the results when repeated, were rather similar to each other except for one or two sets where the difference varied by 0. 014g and 0. 010g. This probably happened due to the uncontrolled variable the surface area of the paper clip submerged in the electrolyte. The apparatus used were all reliable and in good condition, with none being broken. The method was as precise as possible, taking note of everything and the details. For example, I tried to make sure the surface area of the copper metal piece submerged in the electrolyte was constant each trial at 0. 7cm2 so that it would be fair. I also measured each of the 10 paper clips individually because no one paper clip has the same weight so it would be unfair to assume that all paper clips has the same mass. The method described and explained every step, and provided the results needed. The results analysis were described and explained with as many details as possible, and there were no miscalculations and major errors during the experiment. Validity The experiment was valid, as the apparatus used measured everything needed, for example, I used a 20cm ruler to measure the surface area of the copper metal piece to be submerged into the electrolyte. The 25cm3 measuring cylinder could have been replaced by a 50cm3 measuring cylinder to measure 100cm3 of CuSO4 solution, but then due to limited number of apparatus, a 25cm3 measuring cylinder was used. Nonetheless, it still fulfilled the requirements of measuring 100cm3 of CuSO4. The balance used to measure the mass of the paper clip was electronic, so there were no zero errors either. The method was valid as the dependent and independent variables were measured and results were obtained. The hypothesis was valid as the outcome of the experiment supported it. Limitations and Improvements If I could do the experiment again, The results could be repeated a couple of times more for more accurate results, and a few more sets of results could be taken, to broaden the set of results. This could give a clearer graph, as the graph could show more prominently that it is linear if there were more sets of results. When the paper clips were submerged into the electrolyte each time, the surface area of the paper clip submerged was not accurately constant throughout, as I had only estimated the approximate surface area for each paper clip. I could have bent the paper clip into a long thin metal wire and measured the length that would be submerged in the solution, as this would help further ensure that the surface area of the paper clip that was to be electroplated to be more constant. Instead of using the same copper sulphate electrolyte for the entire experiment, I could have changed the solution after every trial, as after some of the trials I could see a thin film of copper left on the surface of the solution. To ensure that this would not affect the experiment results, I could have used a new copper sulphate solution for each trial.